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Acute toxicity study and long term effect of daidzein on the thyroid gland of male Wistar rat

Sweta Kumari*, Nayni Saxena & Aman Kumar
University Department of Zoology, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
Received : 23rd December, 2021 ; Revised : 24th January, 2022

Abstract– Daidzein is a plant extracted natural exogenous estrogen which can mimic the role of endogenous female hormone estrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found exclusively in soybeans, moong beans, lentin, clover and other legumes. Daidzein was used for estimation of toxicity (LD50) for short- term duration and its adverse effect on thyroid gland and its hormones in Wistar rat. Lethal dose50 was estimated by log dose/ probit regression method. Five sets containing 10 rats each were taken and serially diluted doses were given orally with the help of intragastric gavage tube. The doses were 0, 50,100,150 and 300 mg/kg body weight (BW) for daidzein. The rats were observed for 4 days and then mortality was noted for further calculation. LD50 of the daidzein was found to be 150 mg/kg BW. 1/10th of LD50 dose was introduced for sub-chronic 90 days treatment and its effect on thyroid hormones was observed after 90 continuous day’s exposure. Saline water and ethanol (9:1v/v) were used as vehicle. The vehicle and daidzein solution were given intragastrically (0.5 ml/15 mg/kg BW) once a day for 90 continuous days. Serum TSH concentration was observed to be significantly (p<0.001) higher in daidzein treated animals in comparison to the control and sham – control animals. The levels of T3 and T4 were significantly lowered in daidzein treated rats. This result shows that the isoflavone, daidzein has adverse effect on thyroid gland and its function in Wistar rat. Thus, it can be suggested that daidzein administration affects the hormonal status of this animal.

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