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Histopathological anomalies in liver of freshwater teleost under arsenic stress: LM study

Shrawan Kumar & G.B.Chand*
Aquatic Toxology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, Bihar, India
Received : 20th April, 2020 ; Revised : 24th May, 2020

Abstract Arsenic (As) is an important metalloid. It is most noxious heavy metal pollutant. It has the ability to accumulate in the several vital organs of the fish body. Heavy metals are most noxious pollutants owing to their diverse effects. Some metals are soluble in water and readily absorbed into the living organisms. Heavy metals have been shown to be that accumulated in many important organs of fish. In the experimental protocol a fresh water air breathing fish Clarias batrachus (Linn.) was selected to study the histo-pathological impact of As2O3. The LC50 of As2O3 for fish was calculated as per standard method. The fish were exposed to 1/6, 1/3 and 1/2 concentration of LC50 for 1 week and 4 week respectively. At the termination of the exposure, the fish was anaesthetized and the autopsy was done. The fish liver was extracted and doble stained paraffin spread sections were prepared for light microscopy. The major histopathological anomalies incurred in the liver of arsenic treated fish were: infiltration of fibrous tissues and eosinophil cells in the central vein, accumulation of hemorrhagic clots in the central vein and sinusoids, enucleation and degeneration of hepatocytes, formation of pycnotic clumps, pointing towards hepatoblastoma. All these major histopathological anomalies seriously alter the fish hepatic metabolism leading of complete hepatic failure at high dose of arsenic. The finding of the present study provides an insight to the deleterious impact of As2O3 on fish liver. There is an emergent need for the bio-conservation of these affected groups of teleost.

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