Studies on the energy flow and physico-chemical parameters in some ponds of Madhepura, Bihar

Gunjan Bharti & Arun Kumar*
University Department of Zoology, B.N.M.University, Madhepura, Bihar, India
Received :17^th July, 2019 ; Revised : 29^th August, 2019

Abstract– Energy flow is vital for the establishment of any living form on this planet. The energy flow is always unidirectional, usually following the 10% low. The 10 % low states that only 10% of the energy is that is available in anytrophic level is transferred to the next trophic level. The energy flow is usually continuous and requires the involvement of almost all biotic & abiotic components. Earth is massive so the energy flow is complex as well as unique for every ecosystem. The ponds form a small part in this interacting ecosystem, representing more or less ideal example. In the present study the ponds studied were observed for all aspects, such as the flora, fauna, water acidity & alkalinity and the presence of inorganic and organic matter usually their percentage. The affects of these components on the energy flow was studied. The most focused aspect of this study was the change in the biological oxygen demand & chemical oxygen demand and their effect on energy flow.