Next generation sequencing for non-typhoidal Salmonella: Characterization and identification of virulence and antimicrobial resistance for food safety surveillance – An overview

Anubha Kumari^a*, Anjali Kumari^b, Avinash Kumar^c & Amal Ben Hassena^d
aDepartment of Biotechnology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India
^bDepartment of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
^cDepartment of Botany, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India
^dFaculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia, North Africa

Received : 28^th December, 2023 ; Revised : 16^th January, 2024
DOI:-https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13999550

Abstract– Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies have revolutionized bacterium DNA analysis, providing a rapid and cost-effective tool for surveillance. NGS allows a variety of analyses, including multilocus sequence typing, identification of antibiotic resistance, and pathogenicity characterization. Non-Typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), a zoonotic pathogen, represents a significant threat to food safety since it is considered as a common contaminant of food animals. Genomic factors that encode bacterial virulence and antimicrobial resistance are crucial for understanding NTS pathogenesis. Next-generation sequencing enables molecular detection, serological assays, and genotyping, providing insights into virulence and antibiotic resistance factors. NGS coupled with bioinformatics tools, emerges as a potent molecular technology, transforming microbiology through genetic sequencing technologies. The landscape of molecular research in food safety is rapidly transitioning from traditional molecular subtyping methods to typing methods based on Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). In this review, we explore the use of next generation sequencing in the analysis of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella DNA, particularly its effectiveness in typing bacterial strains and identifying genes linked to virulence and antibiotic resistance. This highlights the significant contributions of NGS to microbiological research in food safety.

Key words: Antimicrobial Resistance gene, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), Non-Typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), Serotyping, Virulence, Whole-Generation Sequencing (WGS)

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